1.问题描述

如何将多个字符作为字段分割符的数据文件加载到Hive表中，事例数据如下：

字段分隔符为“@#$”

test1@#$test1name@#$test2valuetest2@#$test2name@#$test2valuetest3@#$test3name@#$test4value

如何将上述事例数据加载到Hive表(multi_delimiter_test)中，表结构如下：

2.Hive多分隔符支持

Hive在0.14及以后版本支持字段的多分隔符，参考

3.实现方式

• 测试环境说明

测试环境为CDH5.11.1Hive版本为1.1.0操作系统为RedHat6.5

• 操作步骤

1.准备多分隔符文件并装载到HDFS对应目录

[ec2-user@ip-172-31-8-141  ~]$ cat multi_delimiter_test.dattest1@#$test1name@#$test2valuetest2@#$test2name@#$test2valuetest3@#$test3name@#$test4value  [ec2-user@ip-172-31-8-141  ~]$ hadoop dfs -put multi_delimiter_test.dat /fayson/multi_delimiter_test[ec2-user@ip-172-31-8-141  ~]$ hadoop dfs -ls /fayson/multi_delimiter_testDEPRECATED: Use of this  script to execute hdfs command is deprecated.Instead use the hdfs  command for it.Found 1 items-rw-r--r--   3 user_r supergroup         93 2017-08-23 03:24  /fayson/multi_delimiter_test/multi_delimiter_test.dat[ec2-user@ip-172-31-8-141  ~]$

2.基于准备好的多分隔符文件建表

create  external table multi_delimiter_test(s1 string,s2 string,s3 string)ROW FORMAT  SERDE 'org.apache.hadoop.hive.contrib.serde2.MultiDelimitSerDe' WITH  SERDEPROPERTIES ("field.delim"="@#$")stored as  textfile location '/fayson/multi_delimiter_test';

3.测试

2: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/default>  select * from multi_delimiter_test;+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+--+|  multi_delimiter_test.s1  |  multi_delimiter_test.s2  |  multi_delimiter_test.s3  |+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+--+| test1                    | test1name                | test2value               || test2                    | test2name                | test2value               || test3                    | test3name                | test4value               |+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+--+

2:  jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/default> select count(*) from  multi_delimiter_test;INFO  : Ended Job = job_1503469952834_0006INFO  : MapReduce Jobs Launched:INFO  : Stage-Stage-1: Map: 1  Reduce: 1    Cumulative CPU: 3.25 sec   HDFS  Read: 6755 HDFS Write: 2 SUCCESSINFO  : Total MapReduce CPU Time Spent: 3 seconds  250 msecINFO  : Completed executing command(queryId=hive_20170823041818_ce58aae2-e6db-4eed-b6af-652235a6e66a);  Time taken: 33.286 secondsINFO  : OK+------+--+| _c0  |+------+--+| 3    |+------+--+1 row selected (33.679  seconds)2:  jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/def

4.常见问题

1.执行count查询时报错

• 异常日志

通过beeline执行count查询时报错

2:  jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/default> select count(*) from  multi_delimiter_test;INFO  : Compiling  command(queryId=hive_20170823035959_f1b11a9b-757d-4d9b-b8a7-6d4ab1c00a97):  select count(*) from multi_delimiter_testINFO  : Semantic Analysis CompletedINFO  : Returning Hive schema:  Schema(fieldSchemas:[FieldSchema(name:_c0, type:bigint, comment:null)],  properties:null)INFO  : Completed compiling  command(queryId=hive_20170823035959_f1b11a9b-757d-4d9b-b8a7-6d4ab1c00a97);  Time taken: 0.291 secondsINFO  : Executing  command(queryId=hive_20170823035959_f1b11a9b-757d-4d9b-b8a7-6d4ab1c00a97):  select count(*) from multi_delimiter_testINFO  : Query ID =  hive_20170823035959_f1b11a9b-757d-4d9b-b8a7-6d4ab1c00a97INFO  : Total jobs = 1INFO  : Launching Job 1 out of 1INFO  : Starting task [Stage-1:MAPRED] in serial  modeINFO  : Number of reduce tasks determined at  compile time: 1INFO  : In order to change the average load for a  reducer (in bytes):INFO  :    set hive.exec.reducers.bytes.per.reducer=
    
     INFO  : In order to limit the maximum number of  reducers:INFO  :    set hive.exec.reducers.max=
     
      INFO  : In order to set a constant number of  reducers:INFO  :    set mapreduce.job.reduces=
      
       INFO  : number of splits:1INFO  : Submitting tokens for job:  job_1503469952834_0002INFO  : Kind: HDFS_DELEGATION_TOKEN, Service:  ha-hdfs:nameservice1, Ident: (token for hive: HDFS_DELEGATION_TOKEN  owner=hive/ip-172-31-8-141.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal@CLOUDERA.COM,  renewer=yarn, realUser=, issueDate=1503475160778, maxDate=1504079960778,  sequenceNumber=27, masterKeyId=9)INFO  : The url to track the job:  http://ip-172-31-9-186.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal:8088/proxy/application_1503469952834_0002/INFO  : Starting Job = job_1503469952834_0002,  Tracking URL =  http://ip-172-31-9-186.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal:8088/proxy/application_1503469952834_0002/INFO  : Kill Command =  /opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH-5.10.2-1.cdh5.10.2.p0.5/lib/hadoop/bin/hadoop  job  -kill job_1503469952834_0002INFO  : Hadoop job information for Stage-1:  number of mappers: 1; number of reducers: 1INFO  : 2017-08-23 03:59:32,039 Stage-1 map =  0%,  reduce = 0%INFO  : 2017-08-23 04:00:08,106 Stage-1 map =  100%,  reduce = 100%ERROR : Ended Job =  job_1503469952834_0002 with errorsERROR : FAILED: Execution  Error, return code 2 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.mr.MapRedTaskINFO  : MapReduce Jobs Launched:INFO  : Stage-Stage-1: Map: 1  Reduce: 1    HDFS Read: 0 HDFS Write: 0 FAILINFO  : Total MapReduce CPU Time Spent: 0 msecINFO  : Completed executing  command(queryId=hive_20170823035959_f1b11a9b-757d-4d9b-b8a7-6d4ab1c00a97);  Time taken: 48.737 secondsError: Error while  processing statement: FAILED: Execution Error, return code 2 from  org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.mr.MapRedTask (state=08S01,code=2)
      
     
    

使用Hive的shell操作报错如下

Error:  java.lang.RuntimeException: Error in configuring object        at  org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.setJobConf(ReflectionUtils.java:109)        at org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.setConf(ReflectionUtils.java:75)        at  org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.newInstance(ReflectionUtils.java:133)        at  org.apache.hadoop.mapred.MapTask.runOldMapper(MapTask.java:449)        at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.MapTask.run(MapTask.java:343)        at  org.apache.hadoop.mapred.YarnChild$2.run(YarnChild.java:164)        at  java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)        at  javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:415)        at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1920)        at  org.apache.hadoop.mapred.YarnChild.main(YarnChild.java:158)Caused by:  java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException        at  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)        at  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)        at  sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)        at  java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)        at  org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.setJobConf(ReflectionUtils.java:106)        ... 9 moreCaused by:  java.lang.RuntimeException: Error in configuring object        at  org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.setJobConf(ReflectionUtils.java:109)        at  org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.setConf(ReflectionUtils.java:75)        at  org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.newInstance(ReflectionUtils.java:133)        at  org.apache.hadoop.mapred.MapRunner.configure(MapRunner.java:38)        ... 14 moreCaused by:  java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException        at  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)        at  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)        at  sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)        at  java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)        at  org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.setJobConf(ReflectionUtils.java:106)        ... 17 moreCaused by:  java.lang.RuntimeException: Map operator initialization failed        at  org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.mr.ExecMapper.configure(ExecMapper.java:147)        ... 22 moreCaused by:  org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException:  java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Class  org.apache.hadoop.hive.contrib.serde2.MultiDelimitSerDe not found        at  org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.MapOperator.getConvertedOI(MapOperator.java:323)        at  org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.MapOperator.setChildren(MapOperator.java:333)        at  org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.mr.ExecMapper.configure(ExecMapper.java:116)        ... 22 moreCaused by:  java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Class  org.apache.hadoop.hive.contrib.serde2.MultiDelimitSerDe not found        at  org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getClassByName(Configuration.java:2105)        at  org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.plan.PartitionDesc.getDeserializer(PartitionDesc.java:140)        at  org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.MapOperator.getConvertedOI(MapOperator.java:297)        ... 24 moreFAILED: Execution Error,  return code 2 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.mr.MapRedTaskMapReduce Jobs Launched:Stage-Stage-1: Map:  1  Reduce: 1   HDFS Read: 0 HDFS Write: 0 FAILTotal MapReduce CPU Time  Spent: 0 ms

• 问题原因分析

org.apache.hadoop.hive.contrib.serde2.MultiDelimitSerDe类是hive-contrib.jar包里。

在执行非聚合类操作查询时，sql能正常执行，在进行聚合类函数操作时报错，说明在执行MapReduce任务时缺少jar依赖包；MapReduce属于yarn作业，所以yarn运行环境缺少hive-contrib.jar的依赖包。

• 解决方法

在CDH集群的所有节点一下操作，将hive-contrib-1.1.0-cdh5.10.2.jar包拷贝到yarn的lib目录下

sudo scp -r  /opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH/lib/hive/lib/hive-contrib-1.1.0-cdh5.10.2.jar  /opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH/lib/hadoop-yarn/lib/

重新运行count语句，执行成功

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